why does perpetual motion machine is impossible?

What if I told you that I built a machine that creates energy?

The design of the machine work like this:

As the wheels turns the arms of the wheel falls on another side so that the one side of wheel is always heavier than the other, which would keep pulling that side down, and the wheel would never stop running. If we use this idea in a larger scale and make a big model so we never require fossil fuels to burn and it gives infinite amount of energy. This could solve the climate change issues.

But wait a second it doesn’t actually work…..!

The first perpetual motion machine was made in 1159 AD by an Indian Mathematician Bhaskara. After that hundreds of perpetual motion machines were made but none of them ever worked.

Before understanding why these machines are impossible, let’s get understand what are perpetual motion machines.

What is a perpetual motion machine?

As the name implies the perpetual motion machine are the machines that moves perpetually that means it never stops once they set in motion. This is a device that can do work indefinitely without any external energy source.

These are the self-energized machines which means they doesn’t require any external power for their working.

Because of this property they break the laws physics and thermodynamics. So they never worked as they are imagined by the Inventors.

Examples:

1. The Overbalanced Wheel

This is the first ever perpetual motion machine was made in 1159 AD by an Indian mathematician Bhaskara. He sketched a design of a wheel containing curved reservoir of mercury. He said that as the wheels spun, the mercury would flow to the bottom of each reservoir, leaving one side of the wheel heavier than the other. The imbalance would keep the wheel turning forever.  

                                            

2. Capillary bowl

In the 17^th century, Robert Boyle came up with an idea for a self-watering bowl called as capillary bowl. He theorized that the capillary action (The attraction between liquids and surfaces) it pulls water through thin tubes might keep the water cycling around the bowl forever. But it don’t work like that because of the capillary action is not enough to overcome the gravity.

3. Zimara's windmill

This idea is given by Mark Anthony Zimara in 1518. In this model he constructed a raised wheel of four or more sides, like the wheel of windmill, and opposite to it two or more bellows arranged in such a way that as the wheel turns it pushes the bellows, but the wheel will also turn by the air of bellows. This never work because the force required to push the bellows is much greater than the force of air obtained by the bellows.

What are the causes which make perpetual motion machine impossible?

1.  First law of thermodynamic

According to first law of thermodynamic (law of conservation of energy) energy can neither be created nor be destroyed but it can only be converted form one form of energy to another. It means that a machine could only produce as much energy as it consumed. Thus the machines which gives power output more than input will violate the 1^st law of thermodynamics. So that there wouldn’t be any more power to charge your phone or do other things. Due to this it is not possible to use these machines as a power generating source.

2. Second law of thermodynamic

If somehow we develop a machine which doesn’t violate 1^st law. It still doesn’t work in real world because of 2^nd law of thermodynamics it states that the energy spreads out through the process like friction. Any machine have moving parts or interactions with the air and water molecules due to this the friction is created and energy is lost in the form of heat. It reduce the energy available in the system to move itself, and cause the machine to stop.

Now, does perpetual motion machine really impossible?

I will say "NO"………..! But it is nearly impossible.

To build a "Real" working model of perpetual motion machine which gives us infinite amount of energy, we must accomplish many things:

1. The machine should not have any “rubbing” parts.

2. The machine must be operated inside a vacuum (no air).

3. It doesn't create any sound.

For some people perpetual motion machines are the doors of infinite energy but for me it is just an impossible machine. But it could be a very good brain teaser stuff.